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Keeping Those Stones Out of Our Kidneys
The end products of digestion of all ingested food and tissue breakdown are excreted by kidneys along with minerals like sodium, calcium and magnesium. They are formed into crystalloid which are excreted through the urine. If there is insufficient fluid intake, insufficient fiber content in the diet, excess protein food intake and a hereditary tendency towards stone formation then these crystals may be separated from the urine and deposited on the inner surfaces of the kidney.
This can cause pain in the back or sides around the lower abdomen and may also spread to the groin. Another symptom is the need to urinate frequently and burning sensation during urination. In an advanced condition there may be nausea, vomiting and even blood in the urine.
Fluid and food management are the key principles of treatment. Stone formation is a gradual process and the tendency in a susceptible person persists throughout life. If you have a history of stone formation you need to be careful. The fundamental principle in the treatment of kidney stones is to ensure adequate water intake. Two and a half litre to three litres is the normal requirement. The best check is to see that the urine being passed is light in color and at least 2000 ml is passed per day. Normal quantities of any food along with a 10-12 glass water intake is ideal. If you have a family history of kidney stone or gout, then you should restrict certain foods. The most common stones are calcium oxalates or uric acid.
Foods rich in oxalates, calcium and uric acid are as follows :
Oxalate - Almonds, cashew nuts, peanuts, chocolates, cocoa, spinach, tomato, strawberry, custard apple, beef and tea.
Calcium - Large amounts of milk, curd cheese and milk cream, egg yolk, cauliflower, beans, potato, figs. Around 500 ml milk or curd may be consumed per day but avoid all other milk products. Calcium pills and foods to which vitamin D are added, antacids with calcium base must e avoided.
Uric Acid - Organ meats, kidney, liver, brain, beef, small fish, prawns, meat, gravies, meat soups, spinach, French beans and pulses.
Alcohol consumption causes dehydration and worsens the condition. High fiber diets with plenty of salads is seen to have a significant effect in controlling the precipitation of kidney stone. Those with low vegetable and fruit intake are seen to be more prone to stone formation. Vegetables help to decrease urinary oxalate excretion while high protein intake increases urinary calcium excretion.
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